A list of topics that need to be added to BatteryDesign.net
This is our memory jogger and we will try and pick these off as we go. We would also really appreciate people adding ideas to this page as comments or as an email: nigel@batterydesign.net
- Chemistry
Standard electrode potentials – page listing all– Standard Electrode PotentialsSodium-Ion Cells in Production Cars (2026)– Mass-Production Sodium-Ion PackLMR Cathodes: Lithium Manganese-Rich Cells Explained– LMR Cathodes: Lithium Manganese-Rich Cells Explained
- Cells
Large-Format BESS Cells: 314Ah to 587Ah and Beyond– Large-Format BESS Cells: 314Ah to 587Ah and BeyondSolid-State: 2026 Status Update– Solid-State Production Timelines
- Modules
- BMS
BMS algorithm cheat‑sheets – algorithm flowchart for SoC Estimation?extend the cheat-sheet/flowchart to other algorithms: SOx
- Electrical
Megawatt Charging: What 1,000 kW and 10C Mean for Cell and Pack Design– Megawatt Charging: What 1,000 kW and 10C Mean for Cell and Pack Design
- Thermal
Is this a generally true statement: “Each cell can let at most about 6% of a failing neighbour’s heat reach it (NMC examples), so barriers between cells are essential, not optional.” – there could be a post around failing cells and the electrical and thermal impact on neighbouring cells.– When One Cell Fails: What Its Neighbours Experience
- Safety
- GB 38031-2025 “no fire, no explosion” [added Oct 2026]
Type: new post. Use this exact title
Where: Safety / Legislation. The existing GB 38031 page already explains the standard: do NOT rewrite or duplicate it. Link the new post from that page and link back to it
Goal: go beyond what the standard says: (1) how an engineering team could approach compliance, and (2) who is doing what, based on what the major players have publicly declared about their engineering and design.
Must cover: (1) Approaches: meeting the 2-hour thermal propagation test (cell-to-cell barriers, spacing, venting direction and gas management, chemistry choice e.g. LFP vs NMC, detection and BMS response); the 150 J / 30 mm steel ball bottom impact test (underbody protection, pack placement, ground clearance); external short circuit after 300 fast-charge cycles. (2) Who is doing what: CATL (Qilin, Shenxing, Freevoy, Choco-Swap received GB 38031-2025 test reports May 2025), BYD (second-generation Blade), EVE Energy (says “no fire, no explosion” achieved in 2022), plus research others (e.g. CALB, Gotion, SVOLT, Sunwoda). Only state what each company has publicly declared, with a footnote for every claim. Also: cost impact (~3,000-5,000 yuan per pack), effective dates (1 July 2026 new types, 1 July 2027 existing), comparison table vs GB 38031-2020 and UN ECE R100.
Start from these sources (verify, write in your own words): CnEVPost, AVL whitepaper, H&Z, Vozpopuli (CATL and BYD claims)
Before you start: read the existing GB 38031 page in full so the new post adds to it rather than repeating it.
Done when: saved in WordPress with its final title (no “draft” in the title), external references as numbered footnotes, internal links inline in the body, no em dashes, and at least one existing page links to it. Then strike through this item and add the link.
- GB 38031-2025 “no fire, no explosion” [added Oct 2026]
- Testing
Self-Discharge Test Procedure – standalone deep-dive page, matching the existing Cell Capacity Test Procedure and HPPC Test Procedure pages. Self-discharge is currently only covered as a subsection of the Cell Testing hub page, not as its own full page, despite being one of the Performance Data tests referenced throughout (BMS leakage current modelling, shelf-life estimation, SOH tracking).– Self-Discharge Test Procedure
- Instrumentation
- Pack
- Common pack architectures – create a page with visuals and link through to benchmarks of packs with that architecture.
- System
- Modelling
- Recycling
- Quality
- Applications
- Batteries for AI Data Centres: BBU vs UPS [added Oct 2026]
Type: new post
Where: new Applications content; link from BESS / stationary storage pages
Goal: explain the new in-rack battery backup unit (BBU) application and how its requirements differ from grid BESS and conventional UPS.
Must cover: BBU sits in the server rack next to the GPUs, UPS is centralised; millisecond-scale load swings from AI training; 48V rack and emerging 800V HVDC; high-power chemistries (Samsung SDI LMO prismatic for UPS, high-power cylindrical for BBU; EVE liquid-cooled BBU); ~10 GWh of AI data centre storage shipped in the first five months of 2026.
Start from these sources (verify, write in your own words): 36Kr, ESS News (Samsung SDI), Infineon 12 kW BBU brief, EVE at OCP China
Before you start: search the site under several synonyms to check nothing already covers this; if a page exists, update it instead of creating a duplicate.
Done when: saved in WordPress with its final title (no “draft” in the title), external references as numbered footnotes, internal links inline in the body, no em dashes, and at least one existing page links to it. Then strike through this item and add the link. - Humanoid Robot Batteries: Requirements and Cell Choices [added Oct 2026]
Type: new post
Where: new Applications content; link from cylindrical cell and pack design pages
Goal: set out the battery requirements for humanoid robots and how they differ from EVs.
Must cover: high peak power and transients in a torso-sized volume; runtime vs weight; why cylindrical cells dominate (LGES 46-series for Boston Dynamics Atlas, cells for Tesla Optimus); solid-state arriving (GAC GoMate, XPeng IRON); BMS and thermal propagation within a small pack; shipments forecast >50,000 units in 2026. Optionally frame as a requirements cascade like Nige’s cell-to-system matrix (Drone case).
Start from these sources (verify, write in your own words): LGES, battery-tech.net, news18a, Renesas whitepaper
Before you start: search the site under several synonyms to check nothing already covers this; if a page exists, update it instead of creating a duplicate.
Done when: saved in WordPress with its final title (no “draft” in the title), external references as numbered footnotes, internal links inline in the body, no em dashes, and at least one existing page links to it. Then strike through this item and add the link. - Ancillary Services and Revenue Stacking for Grid BESS [added Oct 2026]
Type: new page
Where: new Applications content; link from the Frequency Regulation, Peak Shaving and Energy Trading bullets on the Grid Battery Energy Storage Systems page, and from the Battery Energy Storage Systems hub
Goal: give real depth to the one-line use-case bullets on the Grid BESS page by explaining how grid-scale operators combine several revenue streams on one asset rather than running a single service.
Must cover: the main service categories (frequency regulation/response, spinning reserve, voltage support), how capacity markets pay storage for availability rather than energy delivered, wholesale price arbitrage (charge low, discharge high) and how that cycling trades off against degradation, and the idea of “revenue stacking”, combining two or more of these on the same system. Link out to The Battery as an Asset: A Primer for Finance Professionals for the investor framing, and to Grid BESS Duration Classes for how duration limits which services a given asset can realistically provide.
Start from these sources (verify, write in your own words): current grid-operator and market-operator material, for example National Grid ESO’s ancillary services pages for the UK, and PJM or CAISO market documentation for the US; verify figures and service names directly as they are renamed and restructured often.
Before you start: search the site under several synonyms (ancillary services, frequency regulation, capacity market, arbitrage, revenue stacking) to check nothing already covers this in depth; the current bullets on the Grid BESS page are one line each and should be tightened to point here rather than duplicated.
Done when: saved in WordPress with its final title (no “draft” in the title), external references as numbered footnotes, internal links inline in the body, no em dashes, and at least one existing page links to it. Then strike through this item and add the link. - Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) and Grid BESS Aggregation [added Oct 2026]
Type: new page
Where: new Applications content; link from the Grid Battery Energy Storage Systems page and from the Vehicle-to-Grid page
Goal: cover a genuine gap: the site currently has no page on VPPs despite it being one of the fastest-moving parts of grid storage.
Must cover: what a VPP is (software-aggregated distributed energy resources, batteries, V2G-capable EVs, sometimes smart thermostats, dispatched by an operator as a single controllable asset); how this differs from one large Grid BESS installation; the role Vehicle-to-Grid plays as a VPP input, cross-linking to the existing Vehicle-to-Grid page rather than repeating it; one or two named VPP programmes or platforms as concrete examples once verified.
Start from these sources (verify, write in your own words): current primary sources on named VPP programmes, for example Tesla’s Virtual Power Plant programme or Octopus Energy’s Kraken platform; verify scale and status directly since these programmes expand and rebrand frequently.
Before you start: search the site under several synonyms (virtual power plant, VPP, aggregation, distributed energy resources, V2G) to confirm this is still uncovered; it was at the time of this entry.
Done when: saved in WordPress with its final title (no “draft” in the title), external references as numbered footnotes, internal links inline in the body, no em dashes, and at least one existing page links to it. Then strike through this item and add the link. - Grid BESS Case Studies: Deployed Systems [added Oct 2026]
Type: new page
Where: new Applications content; link from the opening definition paragraph of the Grid Battery Energy Storage Systems page, alongside the existing Fluence Gridstack Pro mention
Goal: give readers concrete, comparable specifications for real deployed grid-scale systems, rather than only the generic 10 to 250MWh definition currently on the Grid BESS page.
Must cover: short profiles of named, deployed systems with basic specs (capacity, chemistry, container footprint); the site already has standalone posts on the Fluence Gridstack Pro and the CATL and Quibo Mobile Power Plant Ultra 2.0, link to those rather than repeating their detail; add two or three more well-known systems (for example Tesla Megapack, BYD Cube, Sungrow PowerTitan) with figures verified from manufacturer spec sheets; a comparison table works well here.
Start from these sources (verify, write in your own words): manufacturer spec sheets and press material for whichever systems are added; verify current capacity figures directly, as these are revised with each hardware generation.
Before you start: search the site under several synonyms (BESS, containerized, grid scale, gridstack, megapack) to confirm which deployed-system posts already exist before drafting, and link to rather than duplicate them.
Done when: saved in WordPress with its final title (no “draft” in the title), external references as numbered footnotes, internal links inline in the body, no em dashes, and at least one existing page links to it. Then strike through this item and add the link. - Grid BESS Safety and Fire Risk [added Oct 2026]
Type: new page (or, if on reflection a new page would mostly repeat existing posts, a stronger set of links instead; use judgement once the existing material has been reviewed)
Where: new Applications or Safety content; link from the Standards section of the Grid Battery Energy Storage Systems page, which currently names standards but has no safety discussion of its own
Goal: tie together fire and thermal-runaway safety material for grid BESS specifically, since the Grid BESS page itself currently has no safety content beyond naming standards, while the parent Battery Energy Storage Systems hub already links a relevant post.
Must cover: thermal runaway and propagation risk in containerized packs, cross-linking to the existing Propagation Mitigation page and The Three Pillars of Battery Safety post rather than re-deriving them; the role NFPA 855 and UL 9540A play in installation design (both already linked from the Grid BESS page’s Standards section); a short summary that links to, rather than repeats, the existing Root-Cause Breakdown of Global BESS Fires post; the NFCC Grid-Scale BESS Planning Guidance (UK) for fire-service access and siting, also already linked from Standards.
Start from these sources (verify, write in your own words): the site’s own existing posts named above are the primary sources here; this is mostly a synthesis and cross-linking job rather than new outside research.
Before you start: read the existing Propagation Mitigation, Three Pillars of Battery Safety, and Root-Cause Breakdown of Global BESS Fires content in full first; this entry may turn out to need only new links from the Grid BESS page rather than a whole new page, decide after reviewing.
Done when: saved in WordPress with its final title (no “draft” in the title), external references as numbered footnotes, internal links inline in the body, no em dashes, and at least one existing page links to it. Then strike through this item and add the link.
- Batteries for AI Data Centres: BBU vs UPS [added Oct 2026]
- Legislation
- EU Battery Regulation: What Actually Binds and When [added Oct 2026]
Type: new post with a dates table, PLUS a check of existing pages
Where: Legislation, linked from the existing EU Battery Regulation and Battery Passport pages
Goal: a clear table separating firm deadlines from conditional ones, and correcting a common error.
Must cover: firm: battery passport and QR code 18 Feb 2027, due diligence 18 Aug 2027; conditional: the EV carbon footprint declaration has NOT started because the methodology delegated act is still unadopted (much trade press wrongly says it has applied since Feb 2025); recycled content documentation 2028, minimum shares from 2031. Also check the existing EU Battery Regulation and Battery Passport pages for the carbon footprint error and flag any wrong statements to Nige (do not silently change them).
Start from these sources (verify, write in your own words): battery-tech.net, Arianee timeline, primary source: Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on EUR-Lex (Articles 7, 77)
Before you start: search the site under several synonyms to check nothing already covers this; if a page exists, update it instead of creating a duplicate.
Done when: saved in WordPress with its final title (no “draft” in the title), external references as numbered footnotes, internal links inline in the body, no em dashes, and at least one existing page links to it. Then strike through this item and add the link.
- EU Battery Regulation: What Actually Binds and When [added Oct 2026]
- Cell Manufacturer Company Pages – these are under Cell Benchmarking and also linked from the Battery Cell Manufacturers A to Z, the template for any new page is the CATL page: