Needs review: the Motor Inverter, traction/AC/heat-pump motor, and PWM-controlled heater items below are listed as an outline only and don’t yet link to dedicated detail articles or pages. Expanding these needs subject-matter input rather than automated drafting.
When designing a battery it is important to understand the system and that means the power electronics. At first we will look at the car and then expand this to other applications.
Typically in an automotive application we will see the following power electronics:
- Charger
- on board charger
- off-board
- DC-DC
- HV to 12V
- 48V to 12V
- Motor Inverter DC-AC
- Traction motors
- Air Conditioning motor
- Heat Pump motor
- PWM controlled DC
- Heaters
Within this we should also look at the different motor designs as this determines the inverter requirements and the impact on the HV bus.
Bidirectional Buck and Boost DC-DC
Circuit Diagram, Equations and Calculator for Calculating different aspects like Power, Current and Voltage average, Inductance, Switch On and off time etc in a Bidirectional Buck and Boost DC to DC converter.
Grid-Forming vs. Grid-Following Inverters
Historically the inputs to an electricity grid have been large rotating machines that inherently have a large inertia. This means that even with a large change in demand in failure of a supply element the frequency is maintained. A small change in frequency is often an indicator that a change in supply is required. The inertia in machines is large enough that there are a few seconds to react.
The move to renewable sources, solar and wind, means that there is less inertia in the system. Changes in supply or load can have a faster and more significant impact on the grid frequency.
See also: Inverters, Equations and Calculator: Bidirectional Buck and Boost DC-DC Converter