By cell external short circuit we mean an electrical short circuit, a very low resistance path between the positive and negative terminals of the cell.
Influences as listed by Zhang et al [1]:
- Pouch cells, tested with capacities from 0.017 Ah to 15 Ah, showed electrode damage and minimal impact of aging on external short circuit behaviour.
- Cylindrical cells, including 18650 formats, with capacities between 1.1 Ah and 25 Ah, exhibited hysteresis in thermal behaviour and increased charge transfer resistance with repeated external short circuits.
- Tests conducted at temperatures ranging from −20 °C to 80 °C indicated that extreme temperatures significantly affect battery performance, with observations of electrolyte leakage and membrane closure.
- SOC levels from 10 % to 100 % were studied, highlighting that higher SOCs lead to more severe short-circuit reactions.
References
- Bo Zhang, Zeyu Chen, Qingyi Tao, Meng Jiao, Pengxiang Li, Nan Zhou, Characterization study on external short circuit for lithium-ion battery safety management: From single cell to module, Journal of Energy Storage, Volume 99, Part A, 2024
See also: Module External Short Circuit, Pack External Short Circuit