By module external short circuit we mean an electrical short circuit, a very low resistance path between the positive and negative terminals of the module.
The purpose of this test is to simulate an abuse condition for the module where it is mishandled or misused.
The maximum current could be limited by a fuse in the module.
Insights as to the behaviour of the cells can be gained from analysis of the individual cell external short circuit tests.
Needs review: this page has no References section and doesn’t discuss the standards that define module-level external short circuit test parameters (e.g. UN 38.3, ISO 6469-4, GB 38031) or typical pass/fail criteria. Needs a subject-matter expansion pass rather than an automated rewrite.
See also: Pack External Short Circuit, Short Circuit