Solid-State Manufacturing & Cost Economics

solid state manufacturing line costs - pen and ink skecth

Energy density gets the headlines, but the reason solid-state cells are still confined to pilot lines and demonstrator vehicles has as much to do with the factory as the chemistry. Building a gigafactory for a solid-state cell is not simply “the same lithium-ion line with a different electrolyte fill step”. Several of the core unit … Read more

Lamination

separator lamination schematic

Lamination bonds the separator directly to both electrode faces using heat and pressure to soften a thin adhesive coating already on the separator before the electrode stack is built. Rather than leaving the separator as a free-floating layer held in place only by winding tension or external pack clamping. Why Bond the Separator to the … Read more

Understanding and Eliminating Electrode Overlap Issues

What is electrode overlap and why does it matter? In lithium-ion cell manufacturing, electrode overlap refers to the region where the active areas of the anode and cathode are aligned across the separator as shown in Figure 1. Maintaining adequate overlap, whereby the anode active area overlaps the cathode, is critical to achieving uniform current … Read more

Why Recycling Matters

battery recycling capacity vs year and forecast

Battery recycling sits at the intersection of three converging pressures: a looming wave of end-of-life material, a structurally constrained primary supply chain, and a regulatory framework that is moving from voluntary to mandatory. Each of these alone would justify investment in recycling infrastructure. Together, they are driving one of the fastest-growing sectors in the battery … Read more

Sodium-Ion Supply Chain

the sodium-ion supply chain from raw materials, refining and synthesis to manufacturing

The sodium-ion supply chain: what the chemistry doesn’t tell you Author: Serguei Fenko at OmniSight Everyone is talking about sodium-ion as if it were an escape from lithium dependence. It isn’t. It just moves the dependency one tier deeper.Sodium-ion still needs a hidden midstream stack: That is where the real bottleneck sits. China controls most … Read more

Advanced Z Stacking

Advanced Z stacking LG Energy Solutions

Author: Khaled Mekdour LG Energy Solution’s proprietary improvement on the basic Z-stacking electrode assembly method used in pouch-type lithium-ion batteries. It merges the traditional Z-stacking approach—where cathode and anode sheets are alternately layered with the separator in a zigzag pattern—with LG’s own Lamination & Stacking (L&S) technology and a heat-press bonding step to deliver enhanced … Read more

Slitting Methods Compared

slitting comparison

When comparing slitting methods it is important to consider: Goebel Type This is a cutting method in which the upper knife is fixed in the cutting position in advance, and the entire shaft is moved sideways by a specified amount of air pressure to bring it into contact with the lower knife. The thickness of … Read more

Electrode Coating Techniques: From Lab to Gigafactory

Doctor Blade Coating

AION Engineering INC 1. Doctor Blade Coating Classification: Self-Metered Process Best For: Material screening, coin cells, basic R&D. Doctor blade coating is the foundational technique for battery research. It relies on a “self-metered” mechanism, meaning the final wet film thickness is determined by the geometric gap between the blade and the substrate, combined with the … Read more

Slitting Options

slitting options

In order to reduce costs in the cell manufacturing process the electrodes are coated in widths far greater than any battery cell would use. Hence, after coating, drying and calendering it is necessary to cut the electrodes length wise into a usable width. It is really important that the resultant edges are cut cleanly, without … Read more

Hot versus Cold Roll Calendering

roll temperature and force schematic diagram

A look at hot versus cold roll calendering, why we might use hot vs cold and impact on electrodes. This post has been built based on the support of and sponsorship from: Resonate Testing Ltd, Quarto Technical Services, Eatron Technologies and About:Energy The quality and repeatability of the resultant cells will also be dependent on the uniformity of the roll temperature. … Read more