Solid State Passes Nail Test

Nuvvon solid polymer nail test temperature versus time graph

Author Dr. Simon Madgwick of Nuvvon Inc. Nuvvon Solid State Passes Nail Test with Graphite-NMC811 and Lithium-NMC9 Nuvvon has been building solid state cells for years and has long since exposed the things SSB players don’t tell you. There are some 60 so called Solid-State offerings out there but none with a completely dry cell that operates … Read more

Induction Heating Thermal Runaway Trigger

thermal runaway triggered by induction heating

There are a numbers of triggers for battery therml runaway, induction heating offers a way of heating a cell in a targetted way. Induction heating [1] works with any ferromagnetic and electrically conductive material immersed in an alternating electromagnetic field in the frequency range of kHz to MHz can be heated up by induction. Therefore, inductive heating has been … Read more

Laser Radiation Thermal Runaway Trigger

laser irradiation damage to cell layers

There are many different ways of triggering the thermal runaway of a battery cell, primarily grouped as: Within these groups, legislation has offered a nail test, external heating pad and the electrical short circuit. All of these methods have pro’s and con’s. Hence the search for a more repeatable and realistic trigger method. The Cell … Read more

Cell Internal Short Circuit Device

NREL and NASA cell internal short circuit device

When we look at the triggers of thermal runaway we have the nail test, overcharge and external heater. All of these are reasonably easy to define and apply. However, they don’t truly replicate the failure that they are meant to and that is a rogue metallic particle inside the cell. Cell Internal Short Circuits Although … Read more

Knee Point

Battery Capacity versus number of cycles showing the Knee Point

Attia et al [1] also describe six mechanisms/pathways that can produce the “Knee Point”: The impact of this nonlinear degradation in cell capacity depends to some extent on the architecture and application, but includes: This post has been built based on the support and sponsorship from: Eatron Technologies, About:Energy, AVANT Future Mobility, Quarto Technical Services, TAE Power Solutions and The Limiting Factor.  … Read more

BYD Blade Nail Penetration Test

BYD nail penetration test of their blade cell

The BYD Blade cell is an overall design philosophy that enables high system level energy density with LFP chemistry. This is enabled by assembling the cells all together at pack level, creating a Cell to Pack design. The BYD blade cell to pack design is interesting as it has been designed by a company that … Read more

Battery Thermal Runaway: Causes, Stages & Prevention

Lithium-ion batteries power devices ranging from smartphone and laptops to electric vehicles; highlighting how essential they are to our everyday lives. However, despite their widespread use, safety concerns persist. Here, battery thermal runaway can lead to catastrophic explosions, fire and generation of toxic smoke. Therefore, mitigating these risks will be essential for the mass market … Read more

Cell Internal Short Circuits

particle or debris in a cell

Although very rare, cell internal short circuits are a leading cause of battery thermal runaway. They are a major safety issue for any application of a battery pack. Hence there is a requirement to prevent them and to detect them. Common hazards of battery thermal runaway include toxic off-gassing, smoke, fire, and even an explosion. … Read more