from chemistry to pack
Lithium-ion batteries are the backbone of modern electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems, but their high energy density comes with severe safety risks. The primary threat is thermal runaway (TR), an uncontrollable, self-sustaining chain reaction where a battery’s heat generation vastly exceeds its ability to dissipate heat. During TR, internal temperatures can rapidly escalate … Read more
Author: Jim Phillips, P.E Introduction At present, no consensus standard provides a validated methodology for calculating direct current (dc) arc-flash incident energy. IEEE 1584-2018, IEEE Guide for Performing Arc-Flash Hazard Calculations, is limited to alternating current (ac) systems and does not address dc arc-flash. NFPA 70E includes personal protective equipment (PPE) category tables applicable to certain … Read more
When sizing a battery pack one of the first things to look at is the number of cells in series and pack voltage. Pack Nominal Voltage = Cell Nominal Voltage x Number of Cells in Series Cells in Series When connecting cells in series the negative terminal of the first cell is connected to the … Read more
When designing a battery pack / system it is important to think about and describe the safety concept. This needs to be considered in a systematic way and needs to cover: In each of these we need to look at the lifetime of the battery and the safety of it when being handled and used: … Read more
EV and Hybrid Qualifications: High Voltage automotive training comes in several different flavours, and all our courses are made relevant to the work you are going to do using examples and scenarios from our long experience in the real world of vehicle development engineering. EV and Hybrid Qualifications: High Voltage automotive training Level 1 is basic hazard awareness … Read more
When we look at the battery versus system voltage we have to remember that these are working together. In fact we have to look at the complete system and all components to ensure they can work together over the maximum and minimum voltage range. This will normally be the maximum charge voltage and the minimum … Read more
Peak vs continuous power is a recurring question across the electrification space. We need to deliver a repeatable amount of power for the user to have confidence in the machine and we need high power numbers to deliver the brochure wow factor. The transient peak power works well for a number of vehicle applications. However, … Read more
Equations and Calculator for DC to DC Converter: Buck, Boost and Bidirectional Buck and Boost Converter. Have Fun